Отбеливание

There are many types of dental whitening products, each addressing different kinds of teeth stains. These include the following:

• Intrinsic stains: Discoloration inside the enamel is commonly referred to as intrinsic stains and can sometimes happen even before the teeth emerge from the gums. Some of the most common causes of these types of staining include antibiotic use, thinner enamel as a person ages, and increased fluoride exposure.
• Extrinsic stains: The discoloration on the surface of the teeth is known as extrinsic stains. These occur due to environmental exposure, including coffee, artificial food coloring, and smoking. According to a 2014 research, they can also arise due to antibiotic use.

There are many types of dental whitening treatments, each with its pros and cons. This is why dentists must consider many different factors to help determine a suitable option for their patients. Some of these include the following:

• The natural color of the patient's teeth and the level of whitening they desire
• Previous dental treatments and restorative work
• The patient's dental health and their history of gum diseases
• Potential risks and side effects of the whitening treatment
• How quickly the patient wants the desired result

Dentists must always inform their patients about the side effects of their treatments, including dental whitening. While it's generally safe to whiten teeth, the procedure could cause temporary sensitivity or lead to an uncomfortable experience.

A medical professional can ensure the right product and proper application to reduce the risk of teeth dehydration and the loss of essential minerals like calcium.

Patients must also understand that in-home treatments could have adverse side effects if improperly administered. They need to speak to an experienced professional before using any over-the-counter kits.

Teeth whitening is generally safe when done properly. However, overly aggressive treatments can lead to sensitivity, gum irritation, and enamel softening. 

There are also some studies that suggest erosion, loss of minerals, and damage to the pulp. That said, these are early empirical evidence, and there is a need for more research into these potential risks.